Biotechnology
A. Shayan; M. Shokrpour; V. Nazeri; M. Babalar; A. Mehrabi
Abstract
Cultivation development of adaptable Thymus daenensis Celak to specific environmental conditions through population improvement requires the creation of a genetic pool rich of superior genotypes and exploitation of this diversity to identify genotypes with high combinability. In this research, to study ...
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Cultivation development of adaptable Thymus daenensis Celak to specific environmental conditions through population improvement requires the creation of a genetic pool rich of superior genotypes and exploitation of this diversity to identify genotypes with high combinability. In this research, to study the genetic diversity and combinability of different T. daenensis ecotypes under salinity, a factorial greenhouse experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The factors included salinity stress (0 and 90 mM NaCl) and ecotype (12 half-sib families derived from a polycross between 12 T. daenensis ecotypes). Salinity decreased all the measured traits (except for proline and carotenoids content) significantly compared to the control. The ecotypes differed significantly from each other in terms of length and leaf width, length of lateral branches, aerial parts dry weight, essential oil content, and proline content. Essential oil content and leaf width obtained the highest phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation. General heritability of the studied traits varied from 4.61% (leaf length) to 81.07% (leaf width). The highest general heritability was assigned to leaf width, essential oil content, and aerial parts dry weight. Regarding the higher genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation, heritability, and genetic advance of the traits including essential oil content and aerial parts dry weight, these traits could be considered as the most important criteria for the parents selection in the breeding programs of T. daenensis. The results showed that the ecotypes Malayer2, Zagheh, Arak, and Ilam had high combinability in terms of essential oil content. Considering the sufficient genetic diversity observed between the studied ecotypes along with their adequate combinability, it could be recommended to breed T. daenensis through the strategy of improving the population by producing synthetic cultivars for normal (non-stress) and salinity conditions.
S. Binava; A. Yavari; M. Shokrpour
Abstract
Salvia mirzayanii Rech. F. & Esfand. is one of the medicinal species of the Lamiaceae family, growing wild only in Iran. In this study, different plant organs (leaf, flower, stem and whole plant (=aerial parts)) were collected from the Khonj region of Fars province in March 2018 and studied for their ...
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Salvia mirzayanii Rech. F. & Esfand. is one of the medicinal species of the Lamiaceae family, growing wild only in Iran. In this study, different plant organs (leaf, flower, stem and whole plant (=aerial parts)) were collected from the Khonj region of Fars province in March 2018 and studied for their essential oil content and chemical composition. The essential oil of samples was extracted by hydro-distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The essential oil yield of leaf, flower, stem and aerial parts was obtained to be 3.2, 2.6, 0.4 and 2.3% (w/w), respectively. The highest number of identified chemical components was observed in aerial parts and flowers (26 compounds) and the least in stem (23 compounds). The results of essential oil compound analysis revealed that α-terpinyl acetate, linalool, 1,8-cineol, β-eudesmol, δ-cadinene, and α-terpineol were the main compounds in the leaf essential oil. The main compounds of flower essential oil were included δ-cadinene, α-terpinyl acetate, linalool, β-eudesmol, and γ-cadinene. Compounds α-terpinyl acetate, linalool, linalool acetate, 1,8-cineol, and α-terpineol were abundantly found in the stem essential oil. The main compounds in the essential oil of aerial parts were δ-cadinene, α-terpinyl acetate, linalool, 1,8-cineol, γ-cadinene, and α-terpineol. The presence of chemical diversity in the essential oil of the whole plant and its various organs could be considered for pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries as well as for the plant breeders in selecting the appropriate organs for consumption and breeding purposes.